The silent thief
A chronic disease that decreases bone density and quality, osteoporosis quietly robs bones of minerals and nutrients over time. It leaves people like Anne at a high risk for fractures, which can be life threatening. Often the first sign of the disease is a fracture – frequently the hip, wrist or spine. Fortunately, Anne was diagnosed early. Her two sisters were not so fortunate – both were diagnosed following fractures.

“Early diagnosis is so important,” says Dr. Sophie Jamal, Director of Osteoporosis Research and Clinical Programs at Women’s College Hospital. “We have very good treatments that help rebuild bone quality, to prevent further bone loss and fractures.” A key to early diagnosis is increasing public awareness about osteoporosis – who it affects, early signs and symptoms, along with risk and preventative factors.

The risk
Osteoporosis affects two million Canadians – 25% of women over 50, and twice as many women as men. Estrogen plays a major role in preventing bone loss as estrogen levels decrease during and after menopause, the potential for bone loss increases.

Genetics is also a major factor. Anyone with a family history, as in Anne’s case must be more diligent about prevention. “Insist on a bone density test,” advises Anne. “My children have had to push to get tested, it's really important. I'm always after them to monitor it carefully.” 

Taking Charge
The definitive assessment for osteoporosis is a bone mineral density test. According to Dr. Jamal, “If you have a frac­ture over 50, you need this test, bone fractures are not a natural part of aging. One fracture increases the risk of other fractures and there are things we can do to prevent further injury.”

Height loss is a clear indicator of the disease yet repeatedly overlooked as age-related ‘shrinking’. “We see hunched-over, elderly women and think it’s normal – it’s not,” says Dr. Jamal. “A ‘C’ shaped spine is the result of spine fractures caused by osteoporosis eating away at the vertebrae.”

Serious outcomes
If not diagnosed early, osteoporosis can lead to – bone fractures that result in considerable pain, permanent disability, and 20% of people who have a hip fracture develop serious complications which lead to death. At least one-third require permanent long-term care ending their ability to live independently – severely compromising their quality of life. While most fractures result from a fall, with osteoporosis, fractures can occur from simple daily movements such as getting in and out of a chair or picking up a child.